04.06.2005 19:04

RAdm Dennis Campbell, RN, inventor of the angled deck for aircraft carriers, died on this date in A.D. 2000


googling "Dennis Campbell" "obituary" "carrier" produces no relevant results, as does using dogpile with those search terms. That's a shame, because his modification to carriers permitted simultaneous launch and recovery of aircraft, launch more aircraft in a given time, allowed landing approaches at higher speeds and the possibility of an abort if the tailhook didn't engage the arrestor cable, and eliminating the previous danger with straight-decks, of aircraft missing the arrestor cables and then crashing into other aircraft, vehicles and personnel. A simple idea had numerous benefits. '[M]any self-inflicted near-misses and other close contacts with the Grim Reaper' enabled him to conceive an idea that would forever change Naval Aviation. He had piloted Royal Navy fighters off three carriers in the 1930s. Carrier Design at .

The Royal Navy tested the concept on HMS Triumph in the early 1950s (Reginald Stanley Birch mentions that in his reminiscences and some details are available at Carrier Aviation) and HMS Centaur was fitted with an angled flight deck. The tests on HMS Triumph merely repainted the landing line, and left the arrestor cables in the same locations (!!). HMS Ark Royal in 1955 was the fleet's first carrier to enter service with an angled deck.

The US Navy quickly adopted the design:
From 26 to 29 May 1952, the feasibility of the angled deck concept was demonstrated in tests conducted on a simulated angled deck aboard Midway by Naval Air Test Center pilots and Atlantic Fleet pilots in both jet and prop aircraft.
The History of Midway's Magic and A Brief History of U.S. Navy Aircraft Carriers Part IV -- Korea and the 1950s

The US Navy converted USS Antietam (CVA 36) in December 1952 and fourteen carrier Essex and Ticonderoga class aircraft carriers got angled flight decks between 1954 and 1959. SCB-125 modernization of Essex/Ticonderoga class aircraft carriers, (CVA/CVS 9-12, 14-16, 18-20, 31, 33-34, & 38) SCB-125 modernization of Essex/Ticonderoga class aircraft carriers. The three Midway-class carriers, USS Midway (CVB41), USS Coral Sea/Franklin D. Roosevelt (CVB-42) and the second USS Coral Sea (CVA-43) all were retrofitted with angled decks and the CV-59 Forrestal class carriers all had angled decks from the beginning.