07.23.2005 14:16

Search for life on Titan will look at hydrogen, acetylene levels


As the Huygens probe descended through Titan's atmosphere, it sent data on the chemical make-up of the atmosphere. The data stream is being analyzed to break out readings on the hydrogen and acetylene concentrations.

New Scientist reports in Has Huygens found life on Titan? that Chris McKay and Heather Smith, of NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffet Field, California and the International Space University in Strasbourg, France, respectively, 'have worked out the likely diet of such organisms on Titan.'
McKay and Smith calculate that if methanogens are thriving on Titan, their breathing would deplete hydrogen levels near the surface to one-thousandth that of the rest of the atmosphere. Detecting this difference would be striking evidence for life, because no known non-biological process on Titan could affect hydrogen concentrations as much. ...

It will take time to analyse the raw data, partly because hydrogen's signal will have to be separated from those of other molecules. "Eventually, I hope, we will have numbers for at least upper limits for hydrogen," says Hasso Niemann of Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, principal investigator of the GCMS [the instrument which recorded atmosphereic chemical composition on descent and landing].

Acetylene could be easier to analyse, McKay says, and it too might betray life. "I would guess that there would be a similar fall-off of acetylene if the microbes are eating it." The work is to be published in the journal Icarus.
No timeframe is given for when results will appear.